Search results for "Volcanic soil"
showing 10 items of 14 documents
Selenium mobilization in soils due to volcanic derived acid rain: An example from Mt Etna volcano, Sicily
2011
International audience; The significant amounts of selenium (Se) emitted by volcanoes may have important impact on human health due to the narrow range between nutrition requirement and toxic effects for living organisms upon Se exposure. Although soils play a key role in determining the level in food and water and thereby human health, little is known about the behaviour of Se in volcanic soils. In this work we evaluated the Se release during rainwater–soil interaction under controlled conditions using soils collected on the flanks of Etna volcano and synthetic rain. Selenium concentrations in soil leachate solutions displayed a spatial distribution, which cannot be explained by plume depo…
Draft genome of a novel methanotrophic Methylobacter sp. from the volcanic soils of Pantelleria Island
2021
AbstractThe genus Methylobacter is considered an important and often dominant group of aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria in many oxic ecosystems, where members of this genus contribute to the reduction of CH4 emissions. Metagenomic studies of the upper oxic layers of geothermal soils of the Favara Grande, Pantelleria, Italy, revealed the presence of various methane-oxidizing bacteria, and resulted in a near complete metagenome assembled genome (MAG) of an aerobic methanotroph, which was classified as a Methylobacter species. In this study, the Methylobacter sp. B2 MAG was used to investigate its metabolic potential and phylogenetic affiliation. The MAG has a size of 4,086,539 bp, consists …
Risk of classic Kaposi sarcoma with residential exposure to volcanic and related soils in Sicily
2009
Purpose Before AIDS, endemic (African) Kaposi sarcoma (KS) was noted to occur in volcanic areas and was postulated to result from dirt chronically embedded in the skin of the lower extremities. The primary cause of all KS types is KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, but cofactors contribute to the neoplasia. We investigated whether residential exposure to volcanic or related soils was associated with the risk of classic Kaposi sarcoma (cKS) in Sicily. Methods Risk of incident cKS ( N = 141) compared with population-based KSHV seropositive controls ( N = 123) was estimated for residential exposure to four types of soil, categorized with maps from the European Soil Database and dire…
Charcoal and stable soil organic matter as indicators of fire frequency, climate and past vegetation in volcanic soils of Mt. Etna, Sicily
2012
Abstract Charcoal fragments in soils are useful to reconstruct past vegetation because the level of preservation is often good enough to determine the tree genus. All forest ecosystems have the potential to burn as a result of naturally occurring or human-induced fires. Forest fires are coupled to climate and are a not-negligible factor of pedogenesis in Mediterranean areas, where they occur frequently. Furthermore, soil organic matter (SOM) is prone to undergo peculiar changes due to forest fires, both in terms of quantity and quality. A soil sequence along an elevational gradient ranging from Mediterranean to subalpine climate zones on slopes of Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy) was investigated i…
Metagenome Assembled Genome of a Novel Verrucomicrobial Methanotroph From Pantelleria Island.
2021
Verrucomicrobial methanotrophs are a group of aerobic bacteria isolated from volcanic environments. They are acidophiles, characterized by the presence of a particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) and a XoxF-type methanol dehydrogenase (MDH). Metagenomic analysis of DNA extracted from the soil of Favara Grande, a geothermal area on Pantelleria Island, Italy, revealed the presence of two verrucomicrobial Metagenome Assembled Genomes (MAGs). One of these MAGs did not phylogenetically classify within any existing genus. After extensive analysis of the MAG, we propose the name of “Candidatus Methylacidithermus pantelleriae” PQ17 gen. nov. sp. nov. The MAG consisted of 2,466,655 bp, 71 contigs …
Elemental geochemistry of soils from the volcanic island of Pantelleria, Sicily: implications for Moscato wine production.
2006
The volcanic island of Pantelleria produces a naturally sweet wine Moscato di Pantelleria DOC obtained from the «Moscato d'Alessandria» (or «Zibibbo»), a grape favoured by hot climate. Geochemical and mineralogical investigations performed on soil profiles devoloped on rocks representative of the major outcropping lithologies (pantellerite, trachyte and alkalic basalt) show that the soils have preserved the parent material imprint. Consistently, values of the chemical index of alteration (CIA) indicate a low to moderate weathering degree for the rocks exposed in the Pantelleria area and consequently a low to moderate soil evolution. Soil-solution chemical analyses highlight that macro- and …
Interactions between a humic acid and a paramagnetic cation as assessed by CPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy
2009
Humic substances (HSs) are natural organic materials playing a very important role in environment due to their ability in interacting with organic and inorganic compounds. From the one side, HSs can reduce the toxic effects of organic and inorganic contaminants, while, from the other side, they can enhance availability of nutrients, such as cations, to living organisms including plants. For this reason it is very crucial to understand the mechanisms of the interactions between humic substances and the environmentally relevant chemical components. In the present work, we have investigated the mechanisms of interaction between a HS and iron (III) by using cross polarization magic angle spinni…